GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Market Size, Share & Industry Analysis, By Drug (Semaglutide, Exenatide, Lixisenatide, Liraglutide, Dulaglutide, and Others), By Route of Administration (Oral and Parenteral), By Age Group (Pediatric and Adults), By Indication (Obesity, Diabetes, and Others), By Distribution Channel (Hospital Pharmacies, Retail Pharmacies, and Online Pharmacies), and Regional Forecast, 2025-2032

The global GLP-1 receptor agonist market size was valued at USD 52.08 billion in 2024. The market is projected to grow from USD 62.83 billion in 2025 to USD 186.64 billion by 2032, exhibiting a CAGR of 16.8% during the forecast period.North America dominated the GLP-1 receptor agonist market with a market share of 55.51% in 2024.

GLP-1 receptor or Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists are a class of drugs used to treat type 2 diabetes and obesity. GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are a class of medications that mimic the action of the naturally occurring hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1).

The growth is attributed to the rising prevalence of diabetes and obesity, advancements in drug formulations, and expanding therapeutic applications beyond diabetes, including treatment of obesity and potential uses in cardiovascular diseases. Additionally, the development of oral formulations and combination therapies, strategic partnerships, and increased focus on personalized medicine are expected to further boost the market growth. Eli Lilly and Company, Sanofi, Novo Nordisk A/S, and AstraZeneca are among the key players in the market.

MARKET DYNAMICS

MARKET DRIVERS

Increasing Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity Increasing the Market Demand

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes and obesity is increasing globally, with significant implications for public health.

• As per the IDF Diabetes Atlas (2021) type 2 diabetes affects approximately 10.5% of the adult population worldwide, with nearly half of those affected being unaware of their condition.


• Similarly, as per WHO, obesity has more than doubled since 1990, with about one in eight people worldwide living with obesity as of 2022. Additionally, in populations with type 2 diabetes, the prevalence of obesity is particularly high, with studies indicating that up to 90% of individuals with type 2 diabetes are overweight or obese.

The increasing trend toward sedentary lifestyles and the rising consumption of unhealthy diets among the population are expected to contribute to a higher incidence of diabetes. GLP-1 agonists are favored due to their dual benefits in managing both conditions by improving glycemic control and aiding in weight reduction. This dual efficacy aligns with the need for comprehensive treatments that address the interconnected challenges of diabetes and obesity, making GLP-1 agonists a crucial option. Thus, the rising prevalence of diabetes mellitus especially type 2 diabetes and confluence of all the above-mentioned factors is expected to strongly drive the market growth in the coming years.

MARKET RESTRAINTS

High Cost of GLP-1 Agonists to Deter the Market Growth

The high cost of GLP-1 agonists poses a significant challenge to their market growth. Despite their proven efficacy in managing diabetes and obesity, the exorbitant prices deter widespread adoption, particularly as first-line treatments.

• As per RGA Reinsurance Company article in November 2024, the monthly cost of GLP-1 treatment in the U.S. is approximately USD 1,000, which is a substantial burden for many patients. Additionally, these drugs to be considered cost-effective, their prices would need to drop dramatically, by as much as 90%.

The lack of generics and the complex manufacturing processes further contribute to these high costs, limiting accessibility and potentially slowing market expansion. As a result, while demand for GLP-1 receptor agonists is increasing due to their health benefits, their high cost remains a barrier to market expansion, potentially limiting access and affecting the overall growth trajectory of the GLP-1 market.

MARKET OPPORTUNITIES

Unmet Need in Developing Countries to Offer New Market Opportunities

There are significant unmet needs and underpenetrated markets for GLP-1 receptor agonists in developing countries. Despite the growing prevalence of diabetes and obesity in these regions, access to these effective treatments remains limited due to high costs and inadequate healthcare infrastructure.

• For instance, according to the IDF Diabetes Atlas, in the Middle East and North Africa, approximately one in three adults living with diabetes remains undiagnosed. This issue is exacerbated by the limited access to diabetes management drugs in emerging countries, largely due to the lack of direct or indirect presence of major pharmaceutical companies in these regions.

This gap presents a substantial opportunity for pharmaceutical companies to expand their reach by developing more affordable formulations and improving distribution networks in these underserved markets. Addressing these unmet needs could not only enhance patient outcomes but also contribute to the overall GLP-1 receptor agonist market growth.

MARKET CHALLENGES

Shortages of GLP-1 Receptor Agonist is a Key Market Challenge

Some of the challenges in the market includes a shortage of these drugs due to their overwhelming demand for the indication areas of obesity and diabetes. However, in the recent times, several manufacturers have managed to overcome these issues by investing in the expansion of their manufacturing capabilities.

GLP-1 RECEPTOR AGONIST MARKET TRENDS

AI & Digital Health Integration to Boost Product Adoption

In recent times, there has been a greater integration of artificial intelligence into the utilization of these drugs with recent AI technologies being able to accurately predict which GLP-1 receptor agonist is suited for which patient.

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Segmentation Analysis

By Drug

Semaglutide Segment Dominated the Market Due to Wide Indication

Based on the type, the market is segmented into semaglutide, exenatide, lixisenatide, liraglutide, dulaglutide, and others.

Semaglutide segment holds the largest share of the market. Semaglutide has shown higher efficacy in reducing HbA1c levels and promoting weight loss compared. Additionally, its approval for obesity treatment under the brand name Wegovy has significantly expanded its market reach. Additionally, it’s the only approved oral GLP-1 agonist. For instance, in June 2021, the U.S. FDA approved Novo Nordisk A/S’s Wegovy for chronic weight management in adults with a Body Mass Index (BMI) of 27 kg/m² or greater. These factors and strong presence of the company together boosting the segment growth.

On the other hand, exenatide held a significant share in the market. It has been on the market longer, providing a well-established track record of safety and efficacy for managing type 2 diabetes. Additionally, convenience dosage and cost-effectivity are the factors driving the segment growth.

Others segment in the market includes tirzepatide, dulaglutide, and other pipeline drugs are expected to grow significantly over the projected period owing to the chances of approval for new indications.

By Age Group

Adult Segment Dominated the Market Owing to High Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes

Based on age group, the market is segmented as pediatric and adults.

The adult segment accounted for a major share in the market. The segment growth can be attributed to the increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes and obesity among the global population, which is anticipated to surge the demand for efficient drug classes including GLP-1 agonists

The pediatric segment is expected to grow at a higher CAGR. The ongoing development of new GLP-1 agonists, extensive clinical trials, and new approvals are the factors expected to fuel the segment growth in the market. For instance, currently liraglutide, semaglutide, and dulaglutide are approved under the age 18 for the management of diabetes and obesity. This along with increasing clinical trials for type 1 diabetes are expected to fuel the segment growth.

By Route of Administration

Parenteral Segment Held a Majority Share Due to Wide Adoption of GLP-1 Agonists

In terms of routes of administration, the market is divided into oral and parenteral.

Parenteral segment dominated the GLP-1 receptor agonist market share in 2024 and is expected to continue growing at a significant CAGR. This growth is driven by the widespread use of subcutaneous GLP-1 agonists such as dulaglutide (Trulicity), which are preferred for their efficacy in managing type 2 diabetes and obesity.           

The oral segment held a smaller share in 2024, it is anticipated to grow at a higher CAGR due to the development of oral GLP-1 agonists such as Rybelsus (oral semaglutide). This growth is driven by patient preference for non-injectable treatments and advancements in oral formulations. For instance, in January 2023, Novo Nordisk A/S received FDA approval for Rybelsus (oral semaglutide) allowing use as a first-line option for adults with type 2 diabetes. Such developments are expected to fuel the segment growth.

By Indication

Diabetes Segment Dominated Due to its Effectivity in Management Strategies

By indication, the market is classified as diabetes, obesity, and others.

Globally, the GLP-1 receptor agonist market is dominated by the diabetes segment. The diabetes segment growth is driven by rising global prevalence of type 2 diabetes, coupled with the need for effective management strategies, fuels demand for GLP-1 agonists. These medications are recognized for their ability to lower blood sugar levels, stimulate insulin production, and inhibit glucagon release, making them a preferred choice for managing type 2 diabetes. Additionally, these drugs are recommended as a first-line therapy for type 2 diabetes, especially in patients with cardiovascular disease or obesity, further boosting their adoption.

On the other hand, obesity segment is anticipated to grow at a highest CAGR during the forecast period. The segment growth is attributed to the increasing regulatory approval of these drugs for the obesity management and efficiency on weight management. This trend is expected to continue as the key companies are focused on clinical trial for the obesity especially GLP-1 receptor agonist in the combination with other drugs.

• For instance, in March 2025, Novo Nordisk A/STopline announced the topline results from a phase 3 trial evaluating CagriSema (cagrilintide 2.4mg and semaglutide 2.4mg) in overweight or obese patients with type 2 diabetes. The combination expected to work by decreasing hunger and increasing the feeling of fullness.

By Distribution Channel

Pharmaceutical and Biotechnology Companies Dominated due to Extensive Gene Therapy Initiatives

By distribution channel, the market is categorized into hospital pharmacies, retail pharmacies, and online pharmacies.

Hospital pharmacies have been the dominant distribution channel for GLP-1 receptor agonists. The increasing number of hospitalizations and the need for prescription medicines further contribute to the growth of hospital pharmacies in this market.

Furthermore, the rising partnerships between hospitals and major pharmaceutical companies are expected to significantly enhance patient treatment rates in hospitals, thereby boosting segment growth over the forecast period. Meanwhile, the retail pharmacies segment is anticipated to experience the second-highest growth rate, driven by an expanding number of retail pharmacies and their increasing collaborations with major companies. These partnerships aim to improve the accessibility and affordability of GLP-1 receptor agonists for patients. For instance, In January 2023, Reliance Retail announced to open over 2,000 standalone pharmacy stores in a year.

Online pharmacies are emerging as a growing distribution channel for GLP-1 receptor agonists, particularly in regions with advanced digital infrastructure. The convenience of online purchasing and home delivery can enhance patient access to these medications.

GLP-1 RECEPTOR AGONIST MARKET REGIONAL OUTLOOK

North America

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The North America market was valued at USD 28.91 billion in 2024 and is projected to expand at a substantial CAGR during the forecast period.  The market growth is driven by high healthcare expenditure and a strong prevalence of obesity and diabetes. The region's dominance is further supported by significant investments in research and development by major pharmaceutical companies like Eli Lilly and Company.

• For instance, in September 2024, Eli Lilly & Company, a prominent diabetes drug manufacturing announced an investment of USD 1.8 billion to enhance the manufacturing of different drug products including GLP-1 receptor agonist.

The U.S. dominated in North America. The high prevalence of obesity in the U.S., with substantial medical care costs associated with it, underscores the demand for effective treatments like GLP-1 receptor agonists. These factors ensure that North America will remain a leading market for GLP-1 receptor agonists over the forecast period.

Europe

Europe is expected to be the second-largest market for GLP-1 receptor agonists, primarily due to the presence of prominent pharmaceutical companies such as Novo Nordisk A/S. These companies are actively involved in developing new GLP-1 receptor agonist products, which contributes to the region's growth. Additionally, increasing investments in R&D activities and the launch of new products are anticipated to drive market expansion.

Asia Pacific

The Asia Pacific region is poised to exhibit a high growth rate in the GLP-1 receptor agonist market. This rapid growth is attributed to the rising prevalence of obesity and diabetes, coupled with an increasing awareness of these conditions.

• For instance, the World Obesity Atlas 2023 projects that obesity prevalence will more than double in some regions, such as the Western Pacific and South-East Asia, between 2020 and 2035. Such higher prevalence and increasing healthcare expenditure, and there is a growing demand for effective treatments for obesity and diabetes.

Latin America

The Latin America market is poised for substantial growth, driven by rising government initiatives and strategic partnerships with international companies. Additionally, the region's growing population and increasing urbanization rates may gradually drive demand for these treatments as healthcare infrastructure improves.

Middle East & Africa

The Middle East & Africa region is also anticipated to experience slower growth in the market. There is potential for growth as obesity rates rise and awareness of GLP-1 receptor agonists increases especially in the Middle East countries.

COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE

KEY INDUSTRY PLAYERS

Novo Nordisk A/S Significant Share is due to Its Strong Product Portfolio

The GLP-1 receptor agonist market exhibits a consolidated structure, with leading players such as Novo Nordisk A/S, Eli Lilly & Company, and AstraZeneca dominating the market landscape. In 2024, Novo Nordisk A/S held a significant market share, primarily driven by the increased demand for GLP-1 therapies, particularly Ozempic and Rybelsus. The GLP-1 segment contributed substantially to Novo Nordisk's revenue, with products such as Ozempic and Rybelsus being key drivers.

Eli Lilly & Company also maintained a strong presence, focusing on expanding its portfolio through new product approvals and strategic partnerships. Other major players, including Sanofi and AstraZeneca, are enhancing their market positions by securing regulatory approvals and engaging in mergers and partnerships to diversify their offerings. This competitive landscape is expected to continue shaping the GLP-1 agonist market as it grows in response to increasing demand for effective diabetes and obesity treatments.

LIST OF KEY GLP-1 RECEPTOR AGONIST COMPANIES PROFILED

• Eli Lilly and Company (U.S.)


• Sanofi (France)


• Novo Nordisk A/S (Denmark)


• AstraZeneca (U.K.)


• Pfizer, Inc. (U.S.)


• Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Limited (India)


• Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. (Israel)

KEY INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENTS

• June 2024: Novo Nordisk A/S and Biosplice Therapeutics, Inc. signed a collaboration agreement for the development of a drug candidate to treat diabetes


• May 2022: Eli Lilly and Company received FDA approval for Mounjaro (tirzepatide) injection, the first and only GIP and GLP-1 receptor agonist for the treatment of adults with type 2 diabetes.


• March 2022: Novo Nordisk A/S received U.S. FDA approval for Ozempic 2.0 mg, subcutaneous injection for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.


• February 2022: Sanofi acquired Amunix Pharmaceuticals to access new technologies for developing conditionally activated biologics, including GLP-1 receptor agonists.


• January 2020: Novo Nordisk announced the U.S. FDA approval for Ozempic for reducing the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events in adults with type 2 diabetes.

REPORT COVERAGE

The GLP-1 receptor agonist market report provides an in-depth analysis of the industry. It focuses on market segments, such as drug, route of administration, age group, distribution channel, and region. Besides, it offers the market forecast in relation to the current market dynamics, the impact of COVID-19, and the latest market trends. Additionally, the report consists of the global market share by various segments and the factors driving the market growth. The report also provides the competitive landscape of the market.

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